irreducible water | Energy Glossary
The lowest water saturation, S wi, that can be achieved in a core plug by displacing the water by oil or gas. The state is usually achieved by flowing oil or gas through a water-saturated sample, or spinning it in a centrifuge to displace the water with oil or gas.
Irreducible Water Saturation - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
The irreducible water saturation (S wi) is the lowest water saturation achieved by displacing water from the porous medium by injecting oil. At this saturation, water is no longer mobile, hence its saturation cannot be decreased further by displacement by oil.
Modelling Saturation Endpoints - Peter Kirkham
Sep 13, 2021 · Irreducible Water Saturation. The irreducible water saturation (S wirr) and the critical water saturation (S wcr) are usually taken as the same value. The irreducible water saturation can be determined using the Holmes-Buckles relationship.
Glossary:Irreducible water saturation - PetroWiki
Sep 13, 2013 · The fraction of the pore space occupied by water when the hydrocarbon content is at maximum. This level of water can only be reduced by flow of very dry gas that evaporates the water. Typically shown as Sw irr .
By comparing, with depth, theoretical irreducible water saturation with petrophysical calculated water saturation, it is possible to categorize changing rock quality and /or presence of mobile water.
Dictionary:Irreducible water saturation - SEG Wiki
Oct 14, 2024 · It represents water that has not been displaced by hydrocarbons because it is trapped by adhering to rock surfaces, trapped in small pore spaces and narrow interstices, etc. Irreducible water saturation is an equilibrium situation.
Niobrara core sample tests reported a very high irreducible water saturation; varying between 45% and 55%. These test results can be substantiated by the fact that the Niobrara does not make any formation water at the Wattenberg Field.
Fundamentals of Fluid Flow in Porous Media - PERM Inc.
The saturation of the water at this point is referred to as the irreducible water saturation Swir or connate water saturation Swi (Figure 2‑74). Irreducible water saturation originally is higher in consolidated rocks than unconsolidated rocks.
A new model for predicting irreducible water saturation in tight …
Feb 21, 2020 · The irreducible water saturation (S wir) is one of the key parameters of gas–water two-phase flow in tight gas reservoirs. It plays an important role in reservoir evaluation, productivity prediction and hydrocarbon reserve estimation in tight sandstone gas reservoirs.
Irreducible Water - SpringerLink
Jan 1, 2014 · Irreducible water or “hygroscopic water” occurs as a thin film of water molecules around the snow grains. Meltwater on the snow surface, which is produced as a result of complex heat transfer process at the snow-atmosphere interface, percolates down in the snowpack.