Forest Succession: How Tree Communities Form - Schlitz …
Oct 21, 2024 · There are two main types of forest succession, primary and secondary. Primary succession happens when there is sterile substrate, or a lack of soil, in the ground layer. This was the original condition of much of Wisconsin after the last glacier retreated.
Novel and Lost Forests in the Upper Midwestern United States, …
Dec 9, 2016 · The spatial relationships between remnant and novel forests, shifts in ecotone structure and the loss of historic forest types point to significant challenges for land managers if landscape restoration is a priority.
BIO 312 Deciduous Forest Succession - Introduction Forest
Forest Succession. In the Midwest, oaks (red, white, and bur) and hickories historically were the dominant canopy species in upland deciduous forest. Oaks, however, have been disappearing from our forests and are being replaced by other species, mostly black maple.
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Here we present new gridded (8x8km) reconstructions of pre-settlement (1800s) forest composi-tion and structure from the upper Midwestern US (Minnesota, Wisconsin, and most of Michi-gan), using 19th Century Public Land Survey System (PLSS), with estimates of relative composition, above-ground biomass, stem density, and basal area for 28 tree types.
Novel and lost forests in the Upper Midwestern United States, …
Oct 24, 2015 · Here we present new gridded (8x8km) reconstructions of pre-settlement (1800s) forest composition and structure from the upper Midwestern US (Minnesota, Wisconsin, and most of Michigan), using 19th Century Public Land Survey System (PLSS), with estimates of relative composition, above-ground biomass, stem density, and basal area for 28 tree types.
Landscape Change in the Midwest: An Integrated Research and …
Advances in forest ecology show that landscape change is the rule rather than the exception, and that natural disturbances at scales ranging from tree-tip mounds to 500,000-acre blowdowns make forests dynamic and often unpredictable places (Pickett and White 1985; Botkin 1990).
(PDF) Novel and Lost Forests in the Upper Midwestern United …
Based on this modeling, presettlement Midwestern landscapes supported multiple dominant species, vegetation types, forest types, and ecological formations. The prairies, oak savannas, and forests each had distinctive structures and spatial distributions across the domain.
The area, composition, and structure of midwestern forests changed rather dramatically between 1980 and 2000. The area of forest increased 7 percent, from 71.8 million acres in 1980 to 76.8 million acres in 2000. In terms of forest composition, which is …
Patterns of Succession in Different Forest Ecosystems
All four of these studies are of forests dominated by evergreen trees throughout most of the successional sequences, and the deciduous forests of the upper Midwest—a region that was the professional birthplace of many of the early workers in plant succession—is unrepresented.
SUCCESSION AND FOREST CHANGE - Michigan Technological …
On an infertile, dry, sandy soil, jack pine might be the only forest type that will occur. On a wet soil with microtopography, northern white-cedar might maintain itself for centuries. The progressive change in forest types has a huge impact on the complement of wildlife species and understory plant species that live there. The forest type will ...