Translation (biology) - Wikipedia
The translation is performed by a large complex of functional RNA and proteins called ribosomes. The entire process is called gene expression. In translation, messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded in a ribosome, outside the nucleus, to produce a specific amino acid chain, or polypeptide.
Ribosomes, Transcription, Translation | Learn Science at Scitable
Ribosomes are complexes of rRNA molecules and proteins, and they can be observed in electron micrographs of cells. Sometimes, ribosomes are visible as clusters, called polyribosomes.
Translation Phases in Eukaryotes - Ribosome Biogenesis - NCBI Bookshelf
Jul 8, 2022 · Protein synthesis in eukaryotes is carried out by 80S ribosomes with the help of many specific translation factors. Translation comprises four major steps: initiation, elongation, termination, and ribosome recycling.
11.4: Translation - Biology LibreTexts
Like any polymerization in a cell, translation occurs in three steps: initiation brings a ribosome, mRNA and an initiator tRNA together to form an initiation complex. Elongation is the successive addition of amino acids to a growing polypeptide.
10.8: Steps of Translation - Biology LibreTexts
Jul 31, 2022 · Translation begins when an initiator tRNA anticodon recognizes a codon on mRNA. The large ribosomal subunit joins the small subunit, and a second tRNA is recruited. As the mRNA moves relative to the ribosome, the polypeptide chain is formed.
11.4 Protein Synthesis (Translation) - Microbiology - OpenStax
The process of translation, or protein synthesis, the second part of gene expression, involves the decoding by a ribosome of an mRNA message into a polypeptide product. The Genetic Code Translation of the mRNA template converts nucleotide-based genetic information into the “language” of amino acids to create a protein product.
Translation: DNA to mRNA to Protein | Learn Science at Scitable
Within all cells, the translation machinery resides within a specialized organelle called the ribosome. In eukaryotes, mature mRNA molecules must leave the nucleus and travel to the cytoplasm,...
The ribosome and translation | Learn Science at Scitable - Nature
During translation, ribosomal subunits assemble together like a sandwich on the strand of mRNA, where they proceed to attract tRNA molecules tethered to amino acids (circles). A long chain of...
15.5: Translation - Biology LibreTexts
Ribosomes are the part of the cell which reads the information in the mRNA molecule and joins amino acids together in the correct order. A ribosome is a very large, complex macromolecule composed of structural and catalytic rRNAs, and many distinct polypeptides.
Translation | Description, Process, & Location | Britannica
Oct 9, 2024 · Translation takes place on ribosomes, where messenger RNA molecules are read and translated into amino acid chains. These chains are then folded in various ways to form proteins. Translation follows transcription, in which DNA is decoded into RNA.