Topological insulators (TIs) are among the hottest topics in condensed matter physics today. They're a bit strange: Their ...

An insulator has a band structure ... The surface of a crystal can be viewed as an interface with the vacuum, which, like a conventional insulator, is in the trivial topological class.

Dirac cones, named after the renowned physicist Paul Dirac, are unique features found in the electronic band structures of certain materials, such as graphene and topological insulators ... and the ...