observed that lactic acid bacteria suppress harmful bacteria in the intestines. Since then, much has been published about the effects of probiotics on maintaining intestinal function, immune ...

Long-term acid suppression does lead to changes in the gut bacteria, called the microbiome. Using probiotics to improve the quality of the microbiome has been studied, and preliminary studies ...

You recently wrote that you do not recommend probiotics in healthy people. I am a 78-year-old male who, three years ago, ...