Most of us have heard the phrase “correlation does not equal causation”. But understanding how scientists move beyond identifying correlations to establish causation remains a mystery to many.

Most of us have heard the phrase "correlation does not equal causation." But understanding how scientists move beyond identifying correlations to establish causation remains a mystery to many.

To weaken a causal argument, see if it mistakes correlation for causation. Just because you ate pasta and feel sick does not mean the pasta caused the illness. Perhaps something else is ...