An S3 represents blood striking the walls of a stretched ventricle ... A CRT pacemaker, also called a biventricular pacemaker, improves symptoms of heart failure and reduces the risk of ...

During the 1980s Mayo Clinic implanters had a practice of using VVI pacemakers in SSS patients ... have the highest rates of heart failure and malignant ventricular arrhythmias.

No difference was seen in the primary end points (death and stroke) but progression to chronic atrial fibrillation and heart failure symptoms ... drop in single-chamber ventricular pacing for ...