Figure 1. The biogenesis of exosomes and their regulation on the phenotype and function of macrophages. Intraluminal vesicles from multivesicular bodies release exosomes into the extracellular space.

The formation of exosomes begins with the inward budding of the endosomal membrane, which results in the creation of intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) within the MVBs. This process is facilitated by ...