But all his ideals vanished when Babrak Karmal entered Afghanistan at the head of 30,000 Soviet troops and was installed as the ruler. In a letter dated Jan 11, 1980, Carter wrote to Zia ...

In 1979, to shore up the PDPA, the Soviets arrived and installed one Babrak Karmal, replaced by Mohammed Najibullah in 1986. Nato allies had joined the US and a new Afghan government took over in 2004 ...