Harcourt. The causes of misbehavior are varied and complex. Is the broken windows model effective? Created with Sketch. The effectiveness of this approach depends on how it is implemented.

The law enforcement approach has taken its hits from critics in recent years, but facts—and history—are on its side.

The duo’s theory, the aptly named "broken windows theory," suggests that visible signs of crime, community decay (think houses with broken windows), and antisocial behavior create environments ...

Broken-windows policing was first proposed in 1982 by George Kelling and James Wilson as a solution to prevent serious crime ...

In 1982, social scientists James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling introduced the "broken windows theory," or the idea that ...

Let us not forget that a crime is committed by an individual, not a theory or framework and there needs to be consequences.