These receptors initiate two arms of the immune ... TLRs have complex expression patterns in different cell types. Recall that different cell types of a multicellular organism share the same ...

A group of immune proteins called the inflammasome can help prevent blood stem cells from becoming malignant by removing ...

The broccoli grimace is also primitive. In fact, although our tongues have just one or two types of receptor for sweet, they have at least two dozen different ones for bitter—a sign of how ...

Type 1 diabetes is characterized by a complete ... and this hormone binds to glucagon receptors in the liver. This binding stimulates breakdown of glycogen and the release of glucose into the ...

There are three main types of neurone: sensory ... These receive incoming impulses from other neurones. Information from receptors passes along neurones, as electrical impulses to co-ordinators ...

But existing synthetic receptors are limited in the variety of ... change the inflammatory state of macrophages (a type of immune cell), and secrete therapeutic antibodies in response to the ...