being a strong advocate for torture in Scotland. The Covenanters' bodies were dumped into a mass grave in what is now ...

Fearing capture by the Parliamentary army, Charles surrenders to the Covenanters ... Video: A history of Scotland: God's Chosen People.

Charles marches a make-shift army north. The Covenanter army seizes Newcastle cutting supplies of coal to London. Charles is forced to negotiate with the Scots and agrees to pay their large expenses.

The Covenanters refused to accept the King as the spiritual head of the church in Scotland, and opposed the Episcopalian system of church government. Charles regarded this as treason and declared ...

and James VI of Scotland and I of England. During the English Civil War, the Keiths initially backed the Covenanters, but later turned Royalists and after the execution of King Charles I ...