The lifespan of a sleeper is between 10 to 60 years and decreases with increasing traffic intensity, due to mechanical damage. An important source of plastic waste is the packaging sector ...

Railway sleepers - Joe used cleanly cut sleepers with a Length of 2.4m (8ft 2.5in), depth of 10.2cm (4in) and width of 25.4cm (10in). Plastic sheeting - this was used to protect the sleepers from ...