Functional mitral valve regurgitation occurs when the left atrium or left ventricle dilates, causing the mitral valve annulus to also dilate and prevent the mitral valve leaflets from properly ...

organic mitral lesions, such as a prolapsed valve, rheumatic disease, or papillary muscle rupture; (iii) more than trace aortic regurgitation; (iv) acute MI; (v) suboptimal echocardiographic ...

Aortic regurgitation and other high output states (sepsis, hyperthyroidism, arteriovenous malformations as occurs in Paget’s disease) cause a widened pulse pressure. Functional mitral ...